2000 KPDS INGILIZCE SINAV SORULARI
July 15th, 2006 by 
osym kpss
1-24 sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen kelime veya ifadeyi bulunuz.
The river Danube rises in Germany and ____ through central Europe and into the Black Sea.
cruises
spreads
flows
conducts
covers
Anti-lock brakes (ABS) help you to maintain steering control of your car even while braking on ____ roads.
lonesome
fast
reckless
slippery
stagnant
lonesome: (s) yalnızlıktan içi sıkılmış/reckless: (s) dünyayı umursamayan; kendini tehlikeye atan; dikkatsiz, kayıtsız, pervasız/stagnant: (s) durgun, hareketsiz, bayatlamış, bozulmuş (su); atıl, kesat, rakit
____ populated, rural Northumberland is one of the most unspoiled countries in England.
Sparsely
Nearly
Primarily
Suitably
Efficiently
sparsely: (z) seyrek seyrek
Today a very wide spectrum of biological scientists are needed, both to develop the biotechnology of the next millennium and to ensure the ____ of life in our planet.
explanation
process
exhaustion
duration
conservation
exhaustion: (i) yorgunluk, bitkinlik; tüketme, tükenme; boşluk/duration: (i) devam, süreklilik; süre, müddet
A hundred years ago the chestnut ____ a quarter of the hardwood trees in America.
turned down
got through
made up
made out
put down
chestnut: (i) kestane
Evidence of racial bias in sentencing helped to convince certain states in America to ____ capital punishment in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
keep down
rule against
put out
point out
break through
bias: (i) meyil, temayül, peşin hüküm; taraf tutma
Natural disasters have been defined as ecological disruptions exceeding the adjustment capacity of a community and ____ outside assistance.
stepping up
putting up with
look after
calling for
dealing with
It is hard for a tiger, especially an inexperienced one, to ____ how to attack an animal that is facing it.
figure out
keep away
rule out
fall back
run over
He ____ that the forests ____ to their natural inhabitants, that is, to all varieties of living things.
suggests / be returned
suggested / to be returned
has suggested / to have been returned
had suggested / are being returned
would have suggested / return
With the help of satellite images, the Indonesian government ____ that it is the timber companies which ____ the mass destruction of their rain forests.
will show / would have caused
would have shown / had caused
had shown / were causing
shows / had been causing
has shown / are causing
By the late 1980s, a surge of prosperity ____ across Southeast Asia, but in some countries of the region the economic structure ____ sufficiently to the benefit from this trend.
would sweep / could not have developed
would have swept / has not developed
was sweeping / had not developed
has swept / was not developed
could have swept / was not developing
The ridicule that ____ upon him by leading scientists of the day ____ to the novelty of his thinking.
is being heaped / would testify
has been heaped / testified
had heaped / has testified
was heaping / had testified
was heaped / testifies
When I ____ as a fully licensed geneticist in 1961, I thought I knew everything there was ____ about genetics.
had been graduated / to be known
graduated / to know
was graduated / to have known
have been graduated / known
have graduated / to have been known
Perhaps these people are ____ ignorant to realise ____ serious a threat these fertilisers are to their health.
more / than
so / why
as much / as
too / just how
not only / but also
I would have thought that only ____ naive worker could be deceived by ____ assurances.
the more / neither
a most / each
the most / such
a much / any
most / same
The motive was ____ aesthetic and social ____ they sought to bring good design within the reach of the ordinary man.
so / in that
both / because
just as / that
as much / as
too / therefore
He said I was submitting my application form rather late. But now I find ____ have still not submitted ____ .
most / their
none / any
many / it
others / theirs
a few / these
In order to understand the implications of research ____ brain development one has to make a systematic study ____ what children know.
on / into
for / by
through / beyond
over / at
after / before
The arrival of Europeans in America dislocated traditional ways of life and altered the world ____ recognition.
for
beyond
at
off
from
I sent an e-mail to everyone in the department, asking for articles for this special issue, but ____ there has been no response.
so long
on time
until then
even later
so far
The crisis is particularly serious ____ a whole series of related issues ranging from unemployment to health benefits are involved.
so as
as well as
in order that
as for
since
He felt that soil drainage should be kept to a minimum ____ much of the rainfall could be retained ____ soil moisture.
so that / as
even though / such as
whereas / like
whereby / such
whether / or
If we are to prevent the flow of toxic materials into the water reservoirs of the country, there is no other possible scheme available, ____ ?
isn’t it
aren’t we
is there
isn’t there
are we
It looks ____ the hiring committee isn’t impressed by his qualifications, and I don’t think the manager of the company is, ____ .
like / also
as if / either
so that / as well
though / too
just as / neither
25-34 sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümlenin Türkçe dengini bulunuz.
We all know by now that many things which constitute the basis of our future health and prosperity are in dire jeopardy.
Artık hepimizce bilinmektedir ki, bugün tehlike içinde olan pek çok şey, gelecekteki sağlığımız ve refahımız için birer temeldir.
Gelecekteki sağlığımızın ve mutluluğumuzun temeli olan birtakım şeylerin bugün hangi tehlikeler içinde olduğunu biliyoruz.
Gelecekteki sağlığımızın ve huzurumuzun temelleri için büyük tehlike oluşturan şeylerin pek çoğu artık hepimizce bilinmektedir.
Çok iyi biliyoruz ki sağlığımızın ve refahımızın geleceğinin temelleri olan pek çok şey bugün büyük bir tehlikeyle karşı karşıyadır.
Artık hepimiz biliyoruz ki gelecekteki sağlığımızın ve refahımızın temelini oluşturan pek çok şey korkunç bir tehlike içinde.
According to the “capitulations” generously granted by the Ottoman sultans, the foreigners operating within the Empire could import and sell goods at any price they chose and were largely exempt from taxes.
Osmanlı padişahlarınca cömertçe verilen kapitülasyonlara göre, imparatorluk içinde faaliyet gösteren yabancılar, malları, tercih ettikleri herhangi bir fiyattan ithal edip satabiliyorlardı ve büyük ölçüde vergiden muaftılar.
Osmanlı padişahlarının cömertçe verdiği kapitülasyonlara göre, imparatorluk içinde ticaretle uğraşan yabancılar, istedikleri malı istedikleri fiyattan alıp satabiliyor ve tüm vergilerden muaf tutuluyorlardı.
Osmanlı padişahlarınca cömertçe verilen kapitülasyonlar sayesinde, imparatorluk içinde iş sahibi yabancılar, mallarını istedikleri fiyattan ithal ediyor ve satıyor, üstelik çoğu hiç vergi vermiyordu.
Osmanlı padişahları, cömertçe verdikleri kapitülasyonlarla, imparatorlukta yaşayan yabancılara, her türlü malı uygun gördükleri fiyattan ithal edip satma ve vergilerin tamamından muaf olma hakkı tanımışlardı.
Osmanlı padişahlarınca cömertçe verilen kapitülasyonlar sayesinde, imparatorluk içinde yerleşmiş olan yabancılar, istedikleri malı, tercih ettikleri fiyattan ithal edip pazarlıyor ve geniş bir vergi muafiyetinden yararlanıyorlardı.
Exempt: (s.), (i.), (f.) bağışık, muaf, ayrı tutulan, müstesna
The guest speaker pointed out that by 1880 European powers had access to most of the markets in Asia’s coastal regions.
Konuk konuşmacının da belirttiği gibi, Avrupalı güçler, 1880’den beri, Asya’nın kıyı bölgelerindeki pazarların pek çoğuna giriş imtiyazına sahiptiler.
Konuk konuşmacı, Avrupalı güçlerin, 1880′e kadar Asya’nın kıyı bölgelerindeki pazarların çoğuna giriş hakkını elde etmiş olduğunu belirtti.
Avrupalı güçlerin çoğunun, Asya’nın kıyı bölgelerindeki pazarlara 1880′e kadar ulaşmış olduğunu, konuk konuşmacı açık bir şekilde ifade etti.
Konuk konuşmacı, Avrupalı güçlerin Asya’nın kıyı bölgelerindeki pek çok pazara giriş iznini ancak 1880′de aldığını ileri sürdü.
Avrupalı güçlerin Asya’nın kıyı bölgelerindeki pek çok pazara serbest giriş hakkını ancak 1880′de elde edebildiği, konuk konuşmacı tarafından da belirtildi.
The word “development” was first used in its contemporary context by the American President, Harry Truman, in 1949 when he referred to the poorer countries of South America as “underdeveloped areas”.
“Gelişme” sözcüğü, çağdaş anlamını 1949’da yoksul Güney Amerika ülkelerinden ilk kez “az gelişmiş bölgeler” olarak söz eden Amerika Başkanı Harry Truman sayesinde kazanmıştır.
“Gelişme” sözcüğü, çağdaş bağlamda ilk kez 1949′da Amerika Başkanı Harry Truman tarafından, kendisi Güney Amerika’nın yoksul ülkelerinden “az gelişmiş bölgeler” olarak söz ettiğinde kullanılmıştır.
Amerika Başkanı Harry Truman ilk kez 1949’da Güney Amerika’nın yoksul ülkelerine “az gelişmiş ülkeler” olarak gönderme yaptığında, “gelişme” sözcüğü çağdaş bir anlam kazanmıştır .
1949’da, Güney Amerika’nın yoksul ülkelerinden “az gelişmiş ülkeler” olarak söz eden Amerika Başkanı Harry Truman, “gelişme” sözcüğünü ilk kez çağdaş bağlamda kullanan kişi olmuştur.
“Gelişme” sözcüğünü ilk kez çağdaş bağlamda kullanan, 1949′da yoksul Güney Amerika ülkelerinden “az gelişmiş bölgeler” olarak söz eden Amerika Başkanı Harry Truman’dır.
At the heart of our problems is an economic system that separates producers from consumers, alienates people from nature, and undermines those values on which we truly depend.
Sorunlarımız, özde üreticileri ve tüketicileri bölen, insanları doğadan uzaklaştıran ve dayandığımız değerleri kemiren ekonomik sistemden kaynaklanmaktadır .
Sorunlarımızın özünü, üreticilerin arasını açan, insanları doğadan ayıran ve bağlı olduğumuz tüm değerleri küçümseyen ekonomik sistemimiz oluşturmaktadır.
Sorunlarımızın özünde, üreticileri tüketiciden ayıran, insanları doğaya karşı yabancılaştıran ve gerçekten bağlı olduğumuz değerleri zayıflatan ekonomik bir sistem vardır.
Esas itibariyle, tüm sorunlarımızı, üreticileri tüketicilerden uzaklaştıran, insanları doğaya karşı yönlendiren ve gerçekten benimsediğimiz değerleri ortadan kaldıran ekonomik sistem yaratmaktadır .
Üreticilerle tüketicileri karşı karşıya getiren insanları doğadan koparan ve sahip olduğumuz değerleri tamamen yok sayan ekonomik sistem, tüm sorunlarımızın özünü oluşturmaktadır.
Sustainable development is a key concept that needs to be analysed and debated before it can be implemented by the underdeveloped countries in the world.
Sürdürülebilir gelişme, tanımlanmaya muhtaç ve tartışılmaya açık, ancak dünyada az gelişmiş ülkelerin uygulamaları için kapsamlı bir kavramdır.
Sürdürülebilir gelişme, dünyada az gelişmiş ülkelerce uygulanabilmesi için öncelikle tanımlanması ve yorumlanması gereken sağlam bir kavramdır.
Sürdürülebilir gelişme, tartışılması ve yorumlanması gereken, ancak dünyadaki az gelişmiş ülkelerin uygulayabileceği yararlı bir kavramdır.
Sürdürülebilir gelişme, dünyadaki az gelişmiş ülkelerce uygulanmadan önce, irdelenmesi ve tartışılması gereken bir kavramdır.
Sürdürülebilir gelişme, dünyadaki az gelişmiş ülkelerin uygulamaya koymadan önce iyice tanımaları ve yorumlamaları gereken çok önemli bir kavramdır.
The last issue of the journal contains all the arguments one could think of against globalisation.
Derginin son sayısı, küreselleşmeye karşı düşünülebilecek tüm görüşleri içermektedir.
Küreselleşme için düşünülüp geliştirilebilecek öneriler, derginin son sayısında yer almaktadır.
Küreselleşme konusunda düşünülebilecek her türlü ayrıntı, derginin son sayısında ele alınmaktadır.
Derginin son sayısındaki yorum ve görüşler, küreselleşmeye karşı olanlara aittir.
Derginin son sayısında, küreselleşmeye karşı olan herkesin görüş ve düşüncelerine yer verilmektedir .
In his article, the author, who is a noted economist, describes why the economic decline in South America in the 1980s was inevitable.
Bu makalede, yazar, ünlü bir iktisatçı olarak, 1980’li yıllarda Güney Amerika’da yaşanan ekonomik çöküşün niçin durdurulamadığını ayrıntılarla anlatmaktadır.
Bu makalede. önemli bir iktisatçı olan yazar, Güney Amerika’da 1980’lerde görülen ekonomik gerilemenin kaçınılmaz sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktadır.
Bu makalede, 1980′li yıllarda Güney Amerika’da görülen ekonomik bunalımın nedenleri ünlü bir iktisatçı tarafından açıklanmaktadır.
Bu makalede, 1980’lerde Güney Amerika’da ortaya çıkan ekonomik durgunluğun niçin önlenemediği saygın bir iktisatçı yazar tarafından anlatılmaktadır.
Bu makalede, tanınmış bir iktisatçı olan yazar, 1980′lerde Güney Amerika’da ekonomik gerilemenin niçin kaçınılmaz olduğunu anlatmaktadır.
What retrieved the country from bankruptcy and spun it into an economic boom was the massive inflow of foreign capital.
Ülkeyi iflastan kurtarmak ve ekonomik canlanmayı hızlandırmak için geniş çaplı bir yabancı sermaye akışı gerekiyordu.
Güçlü bir yabancı sermaye akışı ile ülke iflastan çıkmış ve hızla ekonomik büyümeye geçmiştir.
Ülkenin iflastan kurtuluşu ve hızlı bir ekonomik büyümeye yönelişi, muazzam bir yabancı sermaye girişi ile sağlanmıştır.
Ülkeyi iflasın eşiğinden döndüren ve ekonomik canlanmaya yönelten etkenin, güçlü bir yabancı sermaye girişi olduğu açıktır.
Ülkeyi iflastan çekip çıkarmış ve onu ekonomik bir canlanmaya yöneltmiş olan muazzam yabancı sermaye akışı idi.
Retrieve: f., i. tekrar ele geçirmek; tekrar kazanmak veya düzeltmek; tazmin etmek, çaresini bulmak; bulup getirmek (köpeğin yaralı veya ölü avı bulması gibi)/ spin: f. (spun, (eski) span; -ning) eğirmek, bükmek; (ağ) örmek; çevirmek, döndürmek; dönmek; fırıldak gibi dönmek; tornalamak; fırlatmak
In the first place, we should ask how it is possible for a wet rainforest to be ruined by fire.
Öncelikle yoğun nem içeren yağmur ormanlarının yangınla tahrip edilip edilemeyeceğini araştırmamız gerekmektedir.
İlk önce bizce çok yağış alan bir yağmur ormanının yangınlarla yok edilmesinin nasıl mümkün olduğu araştırılması gereken bir konudur.
Öncelikle sorgulamamız gereken, nemli bir yağmur ormanını tahrip edebilecek bir yangının nasıl ortaya çıktığıdır.
Her şeyden önce, nemli bir yağmur ormanının yangınla tahrip edilmesinin nasıl mümkün olduğunu sormamız gerekiyor.
Her şeyden önce, yoğun yağış alan yağmur ormanlarının yangınlarla yok edilmesinin mümkün olup olmayacağını sormamız gerekecek.
35-44 sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümlenin İngilizce dengini bulunuz.
Aydan bakıldığında, dünya, uzayın karanlık boşluğunda bir yaşam vahası olarak görünmektedir.
The world, when seen from the moon, seems like a bright oasis of life in the vast darkness of space.
Observed from the moon, the world looks like an oasis of life in the dark vastness of space.
Viewed from the moon, the earth appears as an oasis of life in the dark emptiness of space.
In the infinite darkness of space, the earth, as seen from the moon, is indeed an oasis of life.
It is an oasis of life in the dark vastness of space that the world is seen from the moon.
Oasis: (çoğ. oases) vaha, çöl ortasında sulak ve bitek arazi
Bugün Batı, Üçüncü Dünya ülkelerine borç para verme tekniğini, onları kontrol altında tutma aracı olarak mükemmelleştirmiş bulunmaktadır.
The technique of lending money to the Third World countries has today been improved by the West so that it can control them.
Today, the West has perfected the technique of lending money to the Third World countries as a means of controlling them.
In order to control the Third World countries today, the West has developed certain money-lending techniques.
Today, the money-lending techniques perfected by the West have become a means for controlling the Third World countries.
Today, the Third World countries are perfectly controlled by the West by means of money-lending techniques.
Savaş sonrası dönemde, Dünya Bankası’nın etkisiyle, yoksul tropikal ülkelerde çok geniş alanlar, şekerkamışı tarlalarına dönüştürülmüştür.
In the post-war period, under World Bank influence, vast areas in the poorer tropical countries were converted to sugarcane plantations.
After the war, it was the World Bank that suggested that the poorer tropical countries should convert large areas into sugarcane farms as there was a profitable market for the product.
After the post-war period, the poorer tropical countries with large farming areas, encouraged by the World Bank, shifted to sugarcane production.
Since there seemed to be a market, the poorer tropical countries, with the support of the World Bank, turned vast areas into sugarcane plantations as soon as the war was over.
In the years following the war, the World Bank urged the poorer tropical countries with large farming areas to turn to sugarcane cultivation.
Bizimki, seksen kadar çalışanı ile sebze ve tarla bitkilerinin genetik iyileştirilmesi üzerine ileri düzeyde araştırma yapan bir bitki biyoteknolojisi şirketidir.
Roughly eighty of the employees of our plant biotechnology company are researching, at an advanced level, genetic improvement of vegetable and field crops.
Our company specializes in plant biotechnology and has roughly eighty employees who carry out advanced research into the genetic improvement of vegetable and field crops.
Ours is a plant biotechnology company with approximately eighty employees carrying out advanced research into the genetic improvement of vegetable and field crops.
Ours is a plant biotechnology company and at least eighty of the employees are engaged in research into the genetic improvement of vegetable and field crops.
Our company is concerned with plant biotechnology and some eighty of the top-grade employees are engaged in research into the genetic improvement of vegetable end field crops.
Son birkaç yıl içinde gökbilimciler, kendi sistemimizin ötesinde bir düzineden fazla yıldız sisteminde Jüpiter büyüklüğünde dev gezegenler ortaya çıkarmışlardır.
The recent discovery of a dozen or so massive Jupiter-sized planets in star systems beyond our own has amazed even astronomers.
Astronomers have, in recent years, brought to light dozens of huge planets, such as Jupiter, in star systems outside our own.
Recently, a dozen or more astronomers have been suggesting that there are gigantic, Jupiter sized planets in star systems beyond our own.
In the past few years, astronomers have detected giant, Jupiter-sized planets in more than a dozen star systems beyond our own.
For several years, astronomers have been of the opinion that there may be huge, Jupiter-sized planets in at least a dozen star systems other than our own.
1980′lerden bu yana, dünyadaki nükleer sanayi hızlı bir şekilde düşmektedir ve Avrupa Birliği içinde on beş ülkeden yedisi nükleer enerjiden aşama aşama vazgeçmiştir.
Since the 1980s, the nuclear industry in the world has been declining rapidly, and within the European Union, seven out of fifteen countries have phased out nuclear power.
Starting with the 1980s, there has been a steep decline in the nuclear industry throughout the world, especially in the European Union where only seven of the fifteen continue to use nuclear power.
The world’s nuclear industry has continued to decline since the 1980s; in particular, this is true of the fifteen countries of the European Union, seven of which have slowly ceased to use it altogether.
Seven of the fifteen countries of the European Union have gradually put an end to the use of nuclear power; the movement started in the 1980s and has continued world-wide ever since.
After the 1980s, the nuclear industries of the world have fallen into disrepute, especially in the European Union where seven of the fifteen countries have, step by step, stopped using it altogether.
phase out: safha safha bitirmek/ fall into disrepute: şöhreti lekelenmek, ismi kötüye çıkmak, itibardan düşmek
Bill Clinton, radyo konuşmasında, bazı Amerikan okullarında verilen eğitimin toplumun en iyi değerlerini beslemediğini söyledi.
Bill Clinton, in his radio talk, concentrated on the various ideals of society and regretted that some American schools failed to nourish them.
During his radio talk, Bill Clinton explained how the education given in some American schools failed to uphold the best values of society.
In his radio talk, Bill Clinton said that the education provided in some American schools did not nourish the best values of society.
Bill Clinton pointed out in his radio talk that it was the duty of the American education system to ensure that some schools encouraged the best values of society.
In certain American schools, as Bill Clinton pointed out in his radio talk, the education provided was not in accord with the ideals of society.
in accord with: ahenkli olmak, uygun olmak
İnsan, Japonya’yı boydan boya trenle gezebilir ve bir istasyonda durduğunda bir taşra kentini ötekinden ayırt etmenin hemen hemen imkansız olduğunu hisseder.
As one travels the length and breadth of Japan by train, one realizes at each station that one provincial town is very like another.
One can travel the length and breadth of Japan by train and feel, when stopping at a station, that it is almost impossible to distinguish between one provincial town and the next.
While travelling by train through Japan, one feels at each stop at a station that each provincial town is virtually identical with the next.
Travelling from one end of Japan to the other by train, one realizes, when stopping at a station, that one provincial town resembles imperceptibly to the next.
When travelling hither and thither by train In Japan, and stopping at various stations, one notices how each provincial town is identical with the rest.
Provincial: s., i. eyalete ait; taşraya ait; taşralı, dar düşünceli; köylü gibi; i. köylü, taşralı kimse/ imperceptibly: z. farkedilmez bir şekilde, görülmez olarak/ hither and thither, hither and yon : şuraya buraya, bir ileri bir geri
Romancı Thomas Hardy, özyaşamöyküsünde babasından, kalkınmakta olan kırsal topluluklarda gereksinim duyulan sanat ve becerilerin çoğuna sahip ender insanlardan biri olarak söz eder .
The novelist Thomas Hardy, in his autobiography, describes his father as one of those rare people who had developed almost all the arts and skills needed to make a rural community survive.
In his autobiography, the novelist Thomas Hardy describes his father as one of those rare people who possessed most of the arts and skills needed in thriving rural communities.
In his autobiography, Thomas Hardy, the novelist, tells how his own father was unusual in that he cherished the arts and skill that enable rural communities to flourish.
The novelist Thomas Hardy describes in his autobiography how his own father was one of those valuable people who encouraged the arts and skills that help rural communities to thrive.
The novelist Thomas Hardy describes in his autobiography how his father was one of the few people to use his arts and skills to ensure that rural communities would flourish.
Thrive: f. (-d; veya throve, thriven) işi iyi gitmek, muvaffak olmak; kuvvet bularak büyümek; zenginleşmek, refah bulmak; mamur olmak, bayındır olmak/cherish: (f). aziz tutmak; bağrına basmak: gütmek
Bazı iktisatçılara göre, komünist ekonomik sistemin çöküş nedenlerinden biri, çok yüksek maliyetle çok az üretim yapmış olmasıdır.
In the opinion of some economists, high production costs and low output were the main reasons for the collapse of the communist economic system.
According to some economists, the collapse of the communist economic system was in part due to the fact that too little was produced at too high a cost.
Some economists are of the opinion that too little was being produced at too high a cost, and it was for this reason that the communist economic system collapsed.
For some economists, the reason for the collapse of the communist economic system was that too few goods were produced at too high a price.
According to some economists, one of the reasons for the collapse of the communist economic system is that too little was produced at too high a cost.
45-52 sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
Unless they promise to use some of the money to improve career prospects for young scientists, ____ .
the issue under discussion has been dropped
there were a number of things we had to take into account
no one else thought of opposing the scheme
the money left over from donations could be included
we feel we cannot give our support to the campaign
leave over: (p) tehir etmek, ertelemek/donation: (i). iane verme; iane, hediye, bağış, hibe
____ , Japanese firms moved the more intensive phases of their production process to cheap labour sites in East Asia.
As production cost in Japan had become excessive
Unless the working day is kept at eight hours
Once the trade unions in Japan have won a few more victories
So long as a reduction in costs remains the primary goal
If interest rates in Japan had remained high
Since some food lose popularity rather quickly, ____ .
the best age group to aim at would undoubtedly have been teenagers
many such companies actually went bankrupt
the industry has constantly to be ready with fresh ideas
in the end it was the need for collective bargaining that was understood
the job didn’t offer him anything interesting
collective bargaining: işverenle işçi temsilcileri arasındaki toplu görüşme ve pazarlık
Though the construction of a bridge across the river would doubtless prove popular, ____ .
the technology to be transferred is quite suitable
eight councils would have been committed to arrange it
similar designs are on view everywhere
it will not be easy to raise enough money to do it
it is a German-Japanese consortium that gives the orders
____ , a committee will be set up to determine just how to turn the museum into private non-profit corporation.
As long as there were no rival claims
As soon as the board has approved the project
However much disappointment it would have caused them
If such a crisis could have been avoided
Whoever managed to deceive you
____ , their environmental consequences are very disturbing.
Whatever high-yielding variety of wheat is recommended
Because traditional Indian food is of high nutritive value
Though artificial fertilisers ensure high crop-yields
Since new agricultural policies have been introduced by the government
However costly the construction of new irrigation systems may have been
____ that the first women’s college was founded in England as early as 1849.
To be fair, what I recommended was
I wouldn’t have been at all impressed
It was owing to the ceaseless efforts of Mrs Raid
Victoria had been queen for twelve years
He showed little interest
____ we review our recruitment procedures.
As long as the problem received adequate recognition
Such a problem can not be ignored
Even though it was becoming increasingly obvious
What I would recommend is that
In case they were disappointed with the new manager’s performance.
recruitment: (i) acemi asker kaydetme
53-58 sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın olan cümleyi bulunuz.
James will probably make a good director too, even though he’s not all like his father.
James dislikes his father’s way of director, but will his may be any better?
Unlike his father, James seems set on developing into a most efficient director.
James is quite different from his father, but, nonetheless, he’ll also succeed as a director.
As James is opposed to his father’s system, one wonders if he will find a better one.
James is quite unlike his father, so he’s not likely to be a good director.
set on: saldırtmak, kışkırtmak; üzerine koymak
He’s rather hopeful that he’ll get the appointment since the other candidates are at a disadvantage, which is his fluency in French as none of the candidates for the appointment know any.
His main advantage is his fluency in French as none of the other candidates for the appointment know any.
As none of the other candidates speak much French, it seems obvious that he’ll be appointed.
As French is the main requirement, none of the other candidates will even qualify.
The appointment will be given to whichever of the candidates is most fluent in French.
He’s fairly confident that he’ll be appointed as he’s the only candidate who knows French.
The scene is set in Normandy, but most of the characters in this novel are Londoners.
In the novel, the action moves backwards and forwards between Normandy and London.
In this novel, the story takes place in Normandy but the majority of the characters are from London.
The main characters in the novel are Londoners on a sightseeing holiday in Normandy.
The story is about Normandy, but the leading characters are all Londoners.
Though Normandy provides the setting for the story, the characters are all too clearly Londoners.
I haven’t been won over by his arguments, but his book makes interesting reading.
I can’t say I’m convinced that he’s right, but even so his book is well worth reading.
It’s a fascinating book, but one can’t take his theories seriously.
He has some impossible ideas but knows how to write an entertaining book.
You might be interested in reading his book even though many of his arguments are far from satisfactory.
You will appreciate his fresh and comprehensive approach to his subject but there is no basis in fact.
win one over: (p) kendi fikrini kabul ettirmek
The judge is worried because different witnesses have given a different sequence of events.
The witnesses had to be called in order by the judge as they described the sequence of events.
The judge is disturbed that the sequence of events described by the various witnesses is in all cases identical
The judge is concerned that there is no agreement among the witnesses as to the order in which the events occurred
What the judge found so upsetting was that there were so many discrepancies between the witnesses’ account of the incident
The only discrepancy in the witnesses’ accounts to disturb the judge isn’t related to the order of events.
discrepancy: (i). ayrılık, zıtlık, ihtilaf, başkalık
You would do well to wait a little before buying a car
If you are thinking of buying a car, this is the right time.
You must realise that this is not the right time to change old car.
Don’t buy now; car prices are expected to fall.
It would be better if you didn’t buy a car just yet.
Buy a car now and you won’t regret it later.
just yet: hemen, derhal.
59-64 sorularda, parçada boş bırakılan yere uygun düşen ifadeyi bulunuz.
It is an old wives’ tale that reading in the dark is harmful or will weaken the eyes. With the exception of looking directly at the sun or another very high intensity light source, one does not hurt one’s eyes by using them. True, reading, with insufficient light, may tire the eye muscles. ____ . Admittedly, the proper level of illumination for reading is the level which one feels comfortable.
Moreover, light from behind is ideal for reading, and any close work
Therefore, higher illumination can actually be a disadvantage
On the contrary, one would feel more comfortable if the light were better
It may even cause headaches, but it does no permanent damage
In fact, there are new, inexpensive, high-intensity lamps available now which provide sufficient light
A simple idea could make flying much safer. Tests in the US have shown that cooling fuel before it is put into an aircraft prevents explosive fumes building up in the fuel tanks. ____ . For this purpose, an American company has developed a system that cools fuels to -1 degree Celsius or below, before it is put into an aircraft. This is the ideal safety temperature and almost completely eliminates the chance of an explosion in the fuel tanks.
Research has revealed that the fuel delivered to an aircraft before take-off will heat up fast if the aircraft is in the sun
The explosion of the TWA flight 800 off Long Island in the United States is thought to have been caused by a fire in one of the aircraft’s tanks.
As an aircraft climbs, the drop in pressure draws more fumes into the tanks, and if this occurs, safety depends largely on the absence of a spark
The US Federal Aviation Administration has since been looking for many ways of making air travel safer
The idea is to minimize vaporization, so that there is no danger of an explosion even if static electricity of faulty wiring creates a spark
Fume: i, f duman, buhar, pis kokulu duman, kurşun gibi madenlerin buğusun dan hâsıl olan toz; öfke, hiddet
____ . Periodic environmental cues such as dawn or dusk or the change of the seasons, regulate these clocks. There is scientific evidence that matching clocks to these cues helps animals live longer. Indeed, most researchers think that the clocks help animals co-ordinate metabolic and physiological processes for survival.
In the case of some insects, the biological clocks are never affected by changes in the environment in which they live
Biological clocks do not always enable animals to live in harmony with their natural habitat
Biological clocks allow organisms to anticipate when to feed, mate, migrate, or, in short, synchronise their activities with the environment
Some scientists argue that biological clocks disappear over time in populations raised in an environment with no periodic changes
Many people find it difficult to adapt to a new time schedule
Cue: (i). kuyruk şeklinde saç örgüsü; bilardo sopası, isteka; sıra, kuyruk/Dusk: (i)., (s). alacakaranlık, akşam karanlığı/ mate: eşlemek; evlendirmek; evlenmek; çiftleştirmek; çiftleşmek; uymak; mat etmek.
Want, neglect, confusion, and misery in every shape and in every degree of intensity filled the endless corridors of the hospital. The very building itself was shockingly defective. ____ . There were not enough bedsteads and the sheets were of canvas and very coarse. There was no furniture of any kind, and empty beer bottles were used for candlesticks. There were no basins, no towels, no soap, no brooms, no trays, or plates.
There had been some delay in the delivery of the medical stores sent out by various European countries
The structural defects were equalled by the deficiencies in the commonest objects of hospital use
The authorities had taken measures to ensure that there would be an adequate supply of stretchers, bandages and the most ordinary drugs
Indeed, great detachments of the wounded were already comfortably accommodated
The first signs of hope came when a fair supply of the most necessary objects arrived
Bedstead: karyola/ canvas: (i). yelken bezi, çadır bezi; çadır; yelken; kanaviçe; (güz). (san). tuval; tuval üzerine yapılmış resim/ coarse: (s). adi, bayağı, kaba; kalın; terbiyesiz; hissiz; işlenmemiş/broom: i. saplı süpürge/ stores: çoğ. levazım, kumanya; bolluk/stretcher: hasta veya ölü taşımaya mahsus teskere, sedye/detachment: ayırma, aynlma, çıkarma; müfreze; ayrılık; dalgınlık; tarafsızlık
When the Crimean War broke out, Captain Gordon, who was to become famous in the future as General Gordon of Khartoum, was twenty-one. Before the year was over, he had managed to get himself transferred to the Crimea. ____ . Upon the declaration of peace, he was sent to Bessarabia to assist in determining the frontier between Russia and Turkey, in accordance with the Treaty of Paris. Upon this duty he was occupied for nearly two years. Then he was dispatched to China.
Throughout the war, especially during the siege of Sebastopol, he behaved with conspicuous gallantry
For the historian, the circumstances of his tragic end, so bitterly debated, and so controversially described, still remain a mystery
It was not in peace and rest, but in ruin and horror, that he reached his end.
The news of the catastrophe reached England, and a great outcry arouse
In fact, he was by no means in favour of the Government’s imperial policies in the colonies
Dispatch: (f). göndermek (kurye veya mektup), çekmek (telgraf); sevk etmek; idam etmek; süratle bitirmek/ conspicuous: (s). göze çarpan, aşikâr, bariz, dikkati çeken/ gallantry: i cesaret, kahramanlık, yiğitlik; kadınlara karşı nezaket; âşıkane soz veya davranış/ catastrophe: afet, felâket; felâketle sonuçlanan olay; tiyatro dönüm noktası; sonuç/ arouse: (f). uyandırmak, canlandırmak, ayaklandırmak, kaldırmak, tahrik etmek, harekete geçirmek; uyanmak, canlanmak, harekete geçmek, gözünü açmak
____ . The study found that the morale was low among secretaries. Many of them claimed that they felt a lack of respect for their work and that they were not treated as full members of the company’s executive team. The study also revealed that they were under-utilised.
First of all, we have made a list of tasks that secretaries can perform in addition to the more traditional tasks of typing and filing
The changes we have made in the personnel system of the company were in part the result of a study conducted about secretaries over a six-month period
In addition to the language training that has been offered, the company is designed a training programme on office management for secretaries
In upgrading office efficiency, managers also play an Important role by recognizing and appreciating the work and career aspirations of secretaries
The questionnaire didn’t provide them with any useful information
Morale: i. maneviyat, manevi güç, moral; ahlak/aspiration: i). arzu, istek, iştiyak; yüksek bir gaye edinme; teneffüs etme, nefes alıp verme
65-70 sorularda, anlam bakımından hangi cümlenin parçaya uymadığını bulunuz.
(I) The telephone has come a long distance indeed since Alexander Graham Bell invented the first crude transmitter in 1876. (II) Today we can place calls from automobiles, ships at sea and planes in the air. (III) Using the phone system, we can fax documents around the world. (IV) Most local telephone markets are still monopolised by one company, but competition is growing. (V) Soon we will be able to dial up images of computerised data.
I
II
III
IV
V
crude: (s) ham, rafine edilmemiş; incelik ve zarafetten yoksun; kaba, acemi
(I) An international team of researchers has finished a study of the spread of HIV in Africa. (II) Safe sex education needs to be targeted at women and men in countries such as Kenya and Zambia. (III) The results show that teenage women and girls in Africa are up to six times as likely to be infected with HIV as males of the same age. (IV) Their findings also suggests that the AIDS epidemic in Central and East Africa is being caused by older men infecting young girls, who then pass the virus onto their children. (V) In the worst affected regions, up to half of all pregnant women are now infected with HIV, and 40 percent of them are teenage girls who have had sex with men aged 35 and over.
I
II
III
IV
V
(I) It should be stated at the outset that it is the successful farmers with the best quality land who have generally benefited from all the government support. (II) Traditionally the farmers on plateau in Central India cultivated a large number of unirrigated wheat varieties. (III) With the introduction to this region in the late sixties of electricity, and the technology for digging deep wells, they were induced to change to irrigated farming. (IV) Moreover, to develop high-yielding varieties of wheat appropriate for irrigated farming, the government set up a wheat research centre in the area. (V) This was then backed up with the organisation of special training courses for farmers.
I
II
III
IV
V
(I) The collapse of the economies of south east Asia in the early years of the decade was later followed by that of Korea the classic tingler economy. (II) What happens next in a region that is now strewn with the wrecks of so-called economic miracles? (Ill) This leaves Europe and United States as significant mass markets. (IV) The assumption that recession will spread in the region owing to capital flight and belt-tightening is most plausible. (V) This will deepen as foreign investors increasingly reduce their profile in south east Asia.
I
II
III
IV
V
strewn: (f) (strewed: strewed veya strewn) saçmak, yaymak; yayarak kaplamak; dağıtmak, neşretmek; dağılmak, saçılmak/plausible: (s) aklın kabul edebileceği, havsalaya sığan; makul, görünüşte makul veya haklı olan; itimat uyandıran; olasılı
(I) The first obvious fact about the mass media system is that it is not controlled by corporations; It is made up of them. (II) Many large corporations are active in the third world and in the arms trade. (III) Just as corporations do not control the car industry but the car industry itself is a corporation, so the media is made up of large corporations, all in the business of maximising profits. (IV) Moreover, media corporations are not simply businesses; they are also owned by even larger parent corporations. (V) It’s this parent corporations which influence and formulate the media policies and practices.
I
II
III
IV
V
(I) Once, when people dreamt they dreamt of America, of its high wages, comforts, huge cars, high technology. (II) “If only we could live there or make our country like it,” millions said to themselves. (III) But no more. (IV) Today, only the desperately poor, the deluded or the oppressed wish to emigrate to America or build their countries with its image. (V) Finally the rate of democratic growth in America has shown a downward trend in recent decades.
I
II
III
IV
V
delude: (f). aldatmak, yanlış yola sevketmek/oppress: f. sıkmak, sıkıştırmak, baskı yapmak: zulmetmek, canını yakmak; yormak, canını sıkmak, üzerine yüklenmek
71-76 sorularda, verilen durumda söylenebilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
You have organized a conference which has been a great success. You feel sure that the work of your staff has contributed greatly to this success. In wrapping up the conference you wish to include them in your words of thanks, so you say:
Last but not least, let me say how much the success of this conference is due to the dedicated work of my staff, and how grateful I am to them.
On behalf of my staff, who have done so much to make the conference a success, I would like to thank you all for taking such an active part in proceedings.
Since the conference has ended successfully, I feel I owe it to my staff to thank you all for coming.
My staff and I are delighted that the conference has been so successful, and we thank you all for your contributions to its success.
In closing the conference, I would like to say, on behalf of my staff and myself, how grateful we are to you all for your active participation.
The Party’s executive committee has set up a special group to make a study of unemployment problems in the country and suggest ways of solving them. The committee instructs the group as follows:
The country is faced with a huge unemployment problem, and the executive committee expects you to come up with some solutions.
The Party is very concerned about the unemployment problems throughout the country and we simply want you to propose strategies to overcome them.
Your first aim will be to examine the nationwide state of unemployment, and your second to recommend solutions to the problems related with unemployment.
The executive committee fully realizes that until you have studied the problem of unemployment thoroughly no action can be taken.
Your study of the problems of unemployment and any solutions your group may suggest, will, the executive committee feels, be to the benefit of the Party.
There is to be a company board meeting next week to discuss the financial policy for the coming year. As the managing director, you want all departments to submit a detailed report on their expenses for the past year. So, you say to your department chiefs:
Since the board is concerned about the company’s expenditures over the last year, I must ask you to account for the position of your own department.
For the board to plan next year’s company expenditure, please be sure to hand in a full account of the expenses of your department over the last twelve months.
Due to the heavy financial losses last year, the board is determined to curb expenses during this next year, so I want all of you to write down and hand in your suggestions.
Before the next board meeting on the company’s financial policy, I want to discuss with you the expenses of each separate department since the beginning of the year.
As the board is going to meet next week to consider the financial position of the company, it would be helpful if you could all submit your proposals on expenditure to me.
You have been to a special exhibition of Ottoman art, held in the National Museum. You have been much impressed by the variety and the beauty of the exhibits. So, next day in the office, you recommend it to your colleagues, saying:
The National Museum sometimes holds special exhibitions; at present there is one on Ottoman art.
Yes, I went to the exhibition at the National Museum, and do agree that it is very representative.
The exhibition of Ottoman art at the National Museum is apparently quite a unique one. I suppose you’ve already seen it.
Yesterday, I went to that exhibition of Ottoman art at the National Museum, and thought it was superb. Make sure you don’t miss it.
I was at the National Museum yesterday and happened to see there an exhibition of Ottoman art. Are you interested in that sort of things?
You have made a thorough study of the causes of migrations from the rural areas in the country to the big cities. When asked your expert opinion on how to put an end to this social trend, you say:
In fact, this trend of rural migration has doubled in the last three decades or so.
If you ask me, better living conditions must be offered to these people coming from rural areas.
As far as I am concerned, housing, education and public transport are among the major setbacks of life in the big cities.
The rural population of the country is increasing far more rapidly than that in the big cities.
First and foremost, we need to open up new areas of employment in the rural areas.
You are a bank manager and a friend of yours, who is a businessman, has come to you for advice on where to invest. As there is a prevailing economic crisis that seems likely to last for some time, you feel it would be unwise to make any specific recommendations for investments. So you say:
In this time of recession, the only advice I can give you is to wait.
Some people are making overseas investments, but I don’t think that’s a good idea.
Since we are experiencing a temporary setback in the economy, why don’t you channel your resources into tourism?
In view of the rising prosperity, apparent at every level of society, why don’t you put your money into one of the big corporations?
Given the present economic circumstances, I think you’re sure to make money in any sector you invest in.
Setback: (i.) aksilik, işin ters gitmesi; ters akıntı; (mim.) yüksek binalarda üst katların alt katlara nazaran daha geriden inşa edilmesi
77-82 sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmında söylenmiş olabilecek sözü bulunuz.
James: Do you think Miss Shange is really going to resign?
Peter: ____
James: Why do you say that?
Peter: It’s time someone taught the boss a lesson.
I hardly think so. Everything will be forgotten by next week.
I have no idea. What do you think?
Haven’t you heard? She has already resigned.
I’m not quite sure. But, I certainly hope she does.
Anyhow, she’s making a lot of fuss about nothing.
Fuss: i, f telas, yaygara, itiraz, tartlşma; aşırı övgü
Alan: When should we break the news to him?
Petricia: ____
Alan: I quite agree, so shall we say this evening?
Petricia: Agreed.
The sooner, the better in my opinion.
Well, shall we say sometime tomorrow?
We’d better wait a week or so.
Whenever you think best.
I thought the doctor had already told him.
Mr Fuller: Well, how did the shopping expedition go?
Mrs Fuller: Well, we bought some lovely things; but …
Mr Fuller: ____
Mrs Fuller: Yes I’m afraid that’s the case
Then, why do you say “but”?
But what? I suppose you spent more than you intended to; is that it?
Well, then show me everything.
Was there any money left over for a new shirt for me?
You got back quite early considering you went with Mary.
Jill: We’re collecting money for the cleaning lady.
Molly: Really? Why?
Jill: ____
Molly: Oh, how lovely! Yes, of course, we must get a present for him.
I thought you know. Her husband is back in hospital and they are going to operate on him.
She has been out of work a long while now and really has some bad money problems.
Haven’t you heard? Her first grandson was born last week.
Her purse was stolen last week; at least that’s what she says.
I really don’t know, either. But everyone seems to think we ought to.
Anne: I though Helen and Mary were good friends.
David: ____
Anne: What happened then?
David: I don’t know. But they are hardly on speaking terms now.
Yes, but Mary is rather a difficult person you know
Well, aren’t they?
Oh, they are, but their interests are rather different.
They used to be. But not any longer
They still are, aren’t they?
Andrew: Have you read government’s new report concerning health and safety legislation?
James: Not yet. But I do intend to
Andrew: ____
James: I’ll let you know. It has certainly aroused a lot of interest.
I shouldn’t bother. There is nothing of interest in it.
In that case I’ll give you my copy
It’s sort and to the point since it gives a full account of the causes of the problem.
Then what did you think of the distinction made between “risk” and “hazard”?
Yes, you should. I’ll be interested to hear what you think about it.
83-85 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Heat-waves, if the temperature is high enough, above 40°0 for instance, lead to wilting, and even death in plant, because of structural damage to essential proteins. The problem is that plants react by closing their pores when, due to a serious heat-wave, they are subjected to water stress, so shutting down on transpiration and conserving water. Just as the body would overheat dangerously if it shut its pores to prevent sweating, so, in a plant, the shutting of the pores will cause permanent damage, if not death. Temperatures above -5°0 can damage most plants if lasting for half an hour or more. High soil temperatures will also damage roots and prevent nutrient uptake.
Wilt: f., i.,soldurmak, solmak; canlılığını yitirmek; isteği veya cesareti kırılmak/ transpiration: i terleme
As we learn from the passage, a heat-wave can cause serious damage to plant life ____ .
even if the essential proteins remain unharmed
even when the temperature remains below 40°C
unless the soil temperature remains stable
through harming the plant’s essential proteins
especially if the soil is fertile
It is pointed out in the passage that the death of a plant in a heat-wave is due to ____ .
a sudden loss of proteins which can occur within half an hour
excessive transpiration in an effort to keep its temperature down
overheating in the plant following the closing of the little holes in its surface
a structural deformation which cannot be detected easily
the plant’s inability to conserve water in its cells
It is understood from the passage that, in extremely high temperatures, the roots of a plant ____ .
fail to supply the plant with adequate nutrients
dry out well before the leaves begin to wilt
store an adequate amount of nutrients to prolong plant life
increase their nutrient intake in order to protect the plant
maintain their vitality so that they can function normally
86-88 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
A conspicuous feature of cities in many countries, in particular those of Western Europe, is that buildings and streets devastated during the war are, once peace is reinstated, rebuilt in exactly the same manner as they existed before. Enormous efforts are taken to recreate the environment with total fidelity. This reflects the extent to which ordinary people value the traditions and culture of the past. In Japanese cities, however, one sees little evidence of such respect for tradition. Tokyo presents an extreme example: it is quite common these days for the appearance of a street or quarter to change almost beyond recognition every year. In provincial cities as well, one often finds that an absence of several years has rendered a city almost unrecognisable.
Conspicuous: (s). göze çarpan, aşikâr, bariz, dikkati çeken/reinstate: f. eski mevkiine veya haline iade etmek/render: f., i. karşılık olarak vermek; iade etmek, geri vermek; vermek; teslim etmek; göstermek (hesap); icra etmek; etmek, kılmak,- laştırmak, -landırmak; tercüme etmek, çevirmek; anlatmak, tabir etmek; eritmek (yağ); i. iade, tediye, ödeme; sıva
It is emphasized in the passage that in Western Europe, in the post-war period ____ .
people relished the chance to break with tradition and create a new style of city
new style of architecture were favoured in the bigger cities
every effort was made to rebuild the cities in the pre-war style
environmental concerns were usually disregarded in the reconstruction of cities
many countries were still doubtful about the permanence of the peace
relish: f. lezzet vermek; lezzetinden hoşlanmak, beğenmek, tadını iyi bulmak; lezzeti olmak, tatmin etmek, zevk vermek.
According to the passage, unlike the Europeans, the Japanese ____ .
take every opportunity to promote their traditions and culture
reconstructed their cities in accordance with their cultural traditions
were reluctant to introduce any novelties into city planning
paid considerable attention to environmental matters in rebuilding their cities
are, on the whole, indifferent to their past
indifferent: s. Iâkayt, kaygısız; duygusuz; önemsiz; bir, farksız; ancak geçerli olan, şöyle böyle; kimyasal veya elektrik kuvveti olmayan
With reference to Japanese, the writer points out that ____ .
the cities are constantly undergoing massive changes in appearance
Tokyo is an extreme example of traditional designs in architecture
provincial cities have imitated Tokyo as regards city planning
in major cities, the streets invariably follow a similar design
there is a strong European influence in city planning
89-91 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Modern education is almost exclusively focused on preparing children for an urban future, as consumers in a global “free” market. This makes a return to any sort of rural existence almost an impossibility for those tutored by the Western education system in the 21st century. The fact is that, for all the fashionable talk about cultural diversity, schools, colleges and universities today prepare their graduates poorly for anything other than a uniform urban existence. We educate the young from country to city alike, to be urban with urban appetites, skills, minds, dependencies and expectations. And as globalised, future will overwhelmingly mean an urban future, our graduates of tomorrow will be trained, above all, to keep the wheels of the global economy running, with all the implications that has for nature and society.
Tutor: f. özel ders vermek; hususi hocalık etmek; hususi hocadan ders almak/implication: i. ima, istidlâl; karıştırma, dahil etme; dolaşık olma.
In this passage one feels that the author ____ .
greatly values the educational system current in the West today
is not happy with the kind of education the young in the West are receiving today
admires the enormous contribution modern education is making to the global economy
looks forward to the time when the world’s population will all be urban
emphasises the high quality of modern education presently being offered to the young
The author argues that the young are everywhere being educated to ____ .
be aware of the drawbacks of a global “free” market
appreciate equally both the rural and the urban ways of life
appreciate the joys of rural life
feel comfortable only in a purely urban way of life
play a creative role in the intellectual life of the 21st century
In the passage the author seems to ____ .
deplore any effort in education to revive rural values
be confident of the future of the global economy
favour free market policies throughout the world
expect that the young will create a better world in the 21st century
discount the idea that there is any cultural diversity in modern life
deplore: (f). den dolayı kederlenmek, teessüf etmek, acımak; beğenmemek, taraftar olmamak/ discount: (f). fiyat indirimi yapmak, tenzilat yapmak, iskonto etmek, hesaptan düşmek; kırdırmak, kırmak (senet, bono), sonucunu göz önünde tutarak hesaba katmak; aldırmamak; aslını saymamak
92-94 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
People in other European countries have been wondering for some time why and how Norway has stayed out of the European Union. Austria, Finland, Sweden joined in 1994, almost without any public debate, just a few months after their governments had proposed the joining. By then, the Norwegians had been debating the issue for 33 years, ever since their government had started the drive towards unionisation. One reason for the success of Norwegian resistance is that in both 1952 and 1967, when the Norwegian government sent off applications for joining the EEC, President De Gaulle of France rejected the proposals. He feared that the inclusion of Norway, as of England, would complicate and slow down EEC integration.
We learn from the passage that the government of Norway ____ .
deliberated for over three decades whether or not to become a member of the European Union
openly disagreed with De Gaulle on many issues concerning the future of Europe
has generally collaborated with England on matters concerning the European Union
never showed any desire to join what was known in the 1980s as the EEC
was exceedingly disappointed when Finland and Sweden decided to join the European Union
It is pointed out in the passage that De Gaulle ____ .
personally urged Norway, but not England to join the EEC
was the statesman largely responsible for the establishment of the EEC
was anxious to keep both England and Norway out of the EEC
was disillusioned by the unwillingness of the Norwegian government to join the EEC
was determined to keep the EEC solely for the countries of Continental Europe
disillusion: (f). hayal kırıklığına uğratmak, gözünü açmak
According to the passage, Austria, Finland and Sweden ____ .
had, in the 1960s, been designated by De Gaulle as future EEC members
entered the European Union with very little opposition from their own people
worked together to persuade Norway to join them in applying for European Union membership
had all applied for EEC membership in the 1960s but they were only admitted in the 1990s
were among the few European Union countries to favour England’s membership
designate: (f). göstermek, işaret etmek, belirtmek, tasrih etmek; isimlendirmek, ad vermek, demek; to veya for ile tayin etmek; seçmek, uygulamak, tatbik etmek, düzenlemek, tertip etmek
95-97 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
In its full force the Gulf Stream, which begins in the Gulf of Mexico, carries warm water to a depth of up to 100 meters at rates of up to 8 kilometres an hour, and penetrates right up into the Arctic Circle to the north of Scandinavia, bearing with it a climate that makes life just about tolerable, even in the thick of the winter. The energy it carries in the form of heat is equivalent to 100 times the entire use of energy in human societies across the world or put another way, more than 27,000 times Britain’s electricity generating capacity. In terms of temperature the Gulf Stream heats the surface over a wide area by at least 5°C. Were the-Gulf Stream to fail, temperatures over northern Europe would fall by more than 10 centigrade degree during the winter months. Northern Europe would have a climate comparable to that of Siberia: just how it would support its current population is difficult to imagine.
This passage mainly deals with ____ .
the adverse effects that Gulf Stream has on the wild life in Scandinavia
how the Gulf Stream transforms the climate in the Arctic Circle
the question of whether man can benefit from the energy latent in the Gulf Stream
the reasons why the climate of Scandinavia differs from that of Siberia
the course, climatic effects and energy capacity of the Gulf Stream
latent: s.) gelişmemiş, gözükmeyen, belirti göstermeyen. latent heat (bak.) heat. latent period mikropların kuluçka devresi. latency (i.) kuvveden fiil haline geçmemiş olma. latently (z.) gözükmeden
As we understood from the passage, one of the great benefits of the Gulf Stream is that it ____ .
causes an average ten percent rise in temperature in Northern Europe throughout the winter
provides a huge amount of electricity for the Northern Europe countries
warms up the whole of Scandinavia and Siberia in winter
circles around Britain and then moves into the northern waters
carries warm waters nearly as far as the Arctic Circle
It is clear from the passage that ____ .
the energy to be derived from the Gulf Stream would theoretically barely meet the needs of the whole world
the effects of the Gulf Stream are far more noticeable in the Arctic Circle than along the shores of Northern Europe
without the Gulf Stream, it would be almost impossible for Northern Europe to support its population
the Gulf Stream brings with it disadvantages as well as advantages for the people of Northern Europe
the Gulf Stream is indispensable if the people of Siberia are to survive
98-100 soruları, aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Within a short time after the outbreak of the Second World War, Britain was without imports of many vital pharmaceuticals that had formerly come from Japan, Germany and the Far East. As a result, the first wartime government set up systematic research into the cultivation and medical use of herbs, By 1940, women’s voluntary organisations had been drawn into a national campaign to gather wild herbs, Up and down the country, County Herb Committees were organised to oversee the gathering, drying, distillation and distribution of the medicinal herbs. Lay people were given brief locally-based training in how to recognise herbs, store and dry them. Farmers were given subsidies to farm certain naturally hard-to-find herbs. By 1943, every county had its herb committee and during the five years of the Second World War, over 750 tons of dried herbs were gathered and turned into medicines.
Oversee: f. (saw, seen) idare etmek, seyretmek/lay: (s.) belirli meslekten olmayan, işin ehli olmayan; layik; papazdan başka bütün halktan olan veya halka ait/ distillation (i). taktir, damıtma: öz
We learn from the passage that, before World War II, Britain ____ .
rarely traded with Germany or the Far East
traded primarily with Germany, Japan and the Far East
imported raw materials from Japan, Germany and the Far East and exported pharmaceuticals to them
was largely dependent on Germany, Japan and the Far East for its pharmaceuticals
thought of exporting dried herbs for pharmaceutical purposes
It is vividly described in the passage how, during World War II, the British government ____ .
banned the import of all kinds of pharmaceuticals from Germany, Japan and the Far East
gave priority to the import of medicines
encouraged scientific research into improving the efficiency and variety of vital pharmaceuticals
only gave subsidies to those farmers who were interested in growing herbs
took serious measures to ensure that the country should not be short of medicines
It is clear from the passage that, of the special arrangements made in Britain during the war, one was ____ .
the reduction of imports from Germany and Japan
the setting up of local and national organisations to produce medicinal herbs
the introduction of new agricultural policies to increase production in every sphere
the launching of a national women’s campaign for the distribution of medicines throughout the country
the training of local people in the production of herb-based medicines
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